According to Google Query documentation:
matches - A (preg) regular expression match. haystack matches needle is true if the regular expression in needle matches haystack. Examples: where country matches '.*ia' matches India and Nigeria, but not Indiana. Note that this is not a global search, so where country matches 'an' will not match 'Canada'.
I tried to use it in the formula =query('Общий список'!A3:V;"select * where B matches '/[A-Z]+/' ")
, but the query returns empty output.
Reference: https://developers.google.com/chart/interactive/docs/querylanguage#Where