Create a 7 day running total and running average using ARRAYFORMULA

Question

There's a question on this forum that asks how to get a 7 day running total and running average. It's available here and it reads like this:

I have a Google Spreadsheet tracking figures day by day. I want to add a column with a 7 day running total (sum of last 6 rows plus current row) and a column with a 7 day running average (average of last 6 rows plus current row).

I've managed to create a running total fine (Say numbers in column A, then B1 = A, B2 = B1 + A2 and drag the formula down to copy), but can't work out a 7 day running total.

There's a handy solution by THEMike that solves the problem, but without ArrayFormula. My question is, how could I do the same thing using ArrayFormula?

Let's assume the data looks something like the following:

| Date   | Data | 7 Day Running Total | 7 Day Running Average |
|--------|------|---------------------|-----------------------|
| 6/1/15 | 3    |                     |                       |
| 6/2/15 | 4    |                     |                       |
| 6/3/15 | 4    |                     |                       |

Answer 1

This can be done by using the running total as an intermediate result (you can put in some column further on the right and/or make it hidden, if you don't want to see it).

I'll use column C for the cumulative total and column D for 7-day total; finding the average is simple division.

The formula for cumulative total is found here. I'll use it in this form

C2 =ARRAYFORMULA(IF(LEN(A2:A), SUMIF(ROW(B2:B),"<="&ROW(B2:B), B2:B), ""))

The conditional statement about LEN(A2:A) prevents output in rows where no data is present.

And here is the computation of 7-day running total:

D2 =ARRAYFORMULA(IF(LEN(A2:A), C2:C-IFERROR(VLOOKUP(A2:A-7, A2:C, 3), 0), ""))

The key player here is the VLOOKUP function which find the latest date that is less than or equal to "a week ago", and returns the cumulative total for it. This represents the total of "old" entries, which should be subtracted from the current total so that only the entries from the last 7 days are counted.

The IFERROR statement handles the case when there is nothing to subtract, i.e., all preceding dates are within the 7-day window.

Here is sample output to verify correctness:

+-----------+------+---------------+-------------+
|   Date    | Data | Running Total | 7-day total |
+-----------+------+---------------+-------------+
| 1/4/2015  |    5 |             5 |           5 |
| 1/5/2015  |    3 |             8 |           8 |
| 1/9/2015  |    1 |             9 |           9 |
| 1/11/2015 |    9 |            18 |          13 |
| 1/12/2015 |    4 |            22 |          14 |
| 1/13/2015 |    2 |            24 |          16 |
| 1/27/2015 |   64 |            88 |          64 |
+-----------+------+---------------+-------------+