- PC:
Alt [+ Shift] + d + s(Shiftfor non-Chrome browser) - macOS:
Ctrl + Option + d + s - Chrome OS:
Alt + d + s
...followed by a or z for ascending or descending sort, respectively.
Optionally: employ a "keyboard shortcut mapper" utility application (like BetterTouchTool on macOS) to map the above sequence(s) to even-shorter, customized keyboard/keystoke combinations.
Background
Per the Keyboard shortcuts for Google Sheets:
The above method uses the per-OS (and sometimes per-web-browser) "Open a menu" keyboard shorcut to open/run the Data->Sort_sheet->Sort_sheet_by_column ... menu command.
This applies to PC/macOS/ChromeOS ("Computer") platforms and not to mobile/Android/iOS/iPadOS, which appear to have no menu-command control.